All versions since 4.0.0-beta.51

All versions

4.0.0-beta.51

Patch Changes

#2049 778d2af Thanks @bohdanbirdie! - Add RpcSerialization.makeMsgPack for creating MessagePack serialization with custom msgpackr options. On Cloudflare Workers with allow_eval_during_startup (default for compatibility_date >= 2025-06-01), pass { useRecords: false } to prevent msgpackr’s JIT code generation via new Function(), which is blocked during request handling. Also fixes silent error swallowing in the msgPack decode path — non-incomplete errors are now rethrown instead of returning [].
#2010 4e24dcf Thanks @tim-smart! - process schema properties / elements concurrently
#2052 4b1c015 Thanks @gcanti! - Schema: expand FilterOutput and add FilterIssue for richer filter failures.

The return type of a Schema.makeFilter predicate now supports two additional shapes:
- { path, issue } where issue is string | SchemaIssue.Issue (previously only { path, message: string } was accepted). The issue arm lets you attach a fully-formed Issue at a nested path without manually constructing a Pointer.
- ReadonlyArray<Schema.FilterIssue> to report several failures at once. An empty array is success, a single-element array is equivalent to returning that element, and multi-entry arrays are grouped into an Issue.Composite. This removes the need to import SchemaIssue and hand-build a Composite for multi-field validators.
The single-failure shapes (undefined, true, false, string, SchemaIssue.Issue) are unchanged.

Breaking: the object shape renamed from { path, message } to { path, issue }. Call sites that used the old shape must rename the field; the migration is mechanical.
```
// before
Schema.makeFilter((o) => ({ path: ["a"], message: "bad" }));

// after
Schema.makeFilter((o) => ({ path: ["a"], issue: "bad" }));
```
Also renamed { path, message } to { path, issue } in the accepted return type of SchemaGetter.checkEffect.
#2047 454f8ad Thanks @gcanti! - Fix SchemaAST.isJson rejecting DAGs as cycles, closes #2021.

The previous implementation marked every visited object in a single seen set and never removed it, so any value that referenced the same object through two different paths (a DAG, e.g. { x: shared, y: shared }) was treated as a cycle and returned false. Cycle detection now tracks only the current recursion path (popping on exit) and memoizes fully validated subtrees, so DAGs are accepted while true cycles are still rejected.
#2051 6754a0c Thanks @tim-smart! - disable sql traces for EventLog, RunnerStorage
#2053 90f7fd5 Thanks @tim-smart! - remove use of bigint literals
#2046 d7e1519 Thanks @gcanti! - Remove the options parameter from OpenApi.fromApi.

The parameter only carried additionalProperties, but the function caches results in a WeakMap keyed solely on the api instance. Passing different options across calls for the same api was silently ignored, making the parameter order-dependent and effectively single-shot. No call sites were using it, so the signature is now simply fromApi(api).
#2044 72a8122 Thanks @tim-smart! - ensure envelope payloads are correctly encoded for notify path

4.0.0-beta.52

Patch Changes

#2057 8e04bfc Thanks @tim-smart! - add HttpApiSchemaError for determining where a schema error originates from
#2055 cf3a311 Thanks @tim-smart! - ensure tagged enum _tag is correctly set
#2057 8e04bfc Thanks @tim-smart! - make HttpApi schema errors defects unless transformed
#2058 131fdd5 Thanks @tim-smart! - mcp http request with no session header is 404 response

4.0.0-beta.53

Patch Changes

#2068 0768509 Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix AtomHttpApi query and mutation error inference to include endpoint middleware and client middleware errors, matching HttpApiClient behavior (including response-only mutation mode).
#2062 476aede Thanks @aldotestino! - Fix HttpIncomingMessage.schemaBodyJson to forward parse options via the parseOptions annotation key.
#2074 4f79c54 Thanks @tim-smart! - fix Latch.release
#2069 4be6a7c Thanks @mikearnaldi! - Fix TestClock.currentTimeNanosUnsafe() to floor fractional millisecond instants before converting them to BigInt.
#2065 88927eb Thanks @tim-smart! - add Effectable module

4.0.0-beta.54

Patch Changes

#2078 e4b74f9 Thanks @tim-smart! - add Socket.make
#2075 4c72808 Thanks @tim-smart! - ensure workflow failures are not squashed by suspension interrupts

4.0.0-beta.55

Patch Changes

#2081 42cc744 Thanks @gcanti! - Export the Schema.encodeKeys interface, closes #2070.

Previously the interface was internal, so exporting a value whose inferred type referenced it triggered TypeScript error TS4023: Exported variable has or is using name 'encodeKeys' from external module ... but cannot be named, e.g.:
#2067 04855ce Thanks @mrazauskas! - fix isNullish() type predicate

4.0.0-beta.56

4.0.0-beta.57

Patch Changes

#2085 a971f5c Thanks @tim-smart! - add Effect.abortSignal
#2088 8e110c5 Thanks @tim-smart! - ensure each sql client gets a unique transaction service

4.0.0-beta.58

Patch Changes

#2097 11993d4 Thanks @Leka74! - Add an exhaustive finalizer to the AsyncResult builder.
#2098 96c8b22 Thanks @tim-smart! - generate binary arrays from streams with less copying
#2098 96c8b22 Thanks @tim-smart! - improve http body consumption

4.0.0-beta.59

Patch Changes

#2106 56837ea Thanks @IMax153! - Fix entity proxy RPC handlers to provide the context expected by RpcServer.

4.0.0-beta.60

Patch Changes

#2115 f69d567 Thanks @tim-smart! - add Rpc.custom
#2119 7909c95 Thanks @gcanti! - Remove Inspectable.stringifyCircular and fix Formatter.formatJson so shared object references are preserved while only circular references are omitted.
bbb4dcc Thanks @tim-smart! - allow using Duration.Input with accessors
#2117 7af2207 Thanks @gcanti! - Add Schema.DurationFromString and SchemaTransformation.durationFromString, support "Infinity" and "-Infinity" in Duration.fromInput, and simplify config duration parsing around the shared schema codec, closes #2092.
#2116 848b40a Thanks @gcanti! - Add a Config.literals convenience constructor for Schema.Literals, closes #2091.

4.0.0-beta.61

Patch Changes

#2130 50790af Thanks @tim-smart! - Record fiber runtime start metrics when fibers are constructed so yielded fibers are only counted once.
#2120 71f7c3d Thanks @tim-smart! - Port Effect.firstSuccessOf from Effect v3.
#2122 aae8797 Thanks @tim-smart! - fix empty body decoding in HttpApiBuilder

4.0.0-beta.62

Patch Changes

#2131 4ab4b90 Thanks @tim-smart! - Allow Kubernetes pod condition lastTransitionTime values to be null in K8sHttpClient schemas.

4.0.0-beta.63

Patch Changes

#2136 7f927ff Thanks @tim-smart! - add HttpApiTest module
#2123 a696b3e Thanks @lewxdev! - add Effect.acquireDisposable

4.0.0-beta.64

Patch Changes

#2137 7d4877a Thanks @tim-smart! - Add optional soft delete column support to SqlModel repositories and resolvers.

4.0.0-beta.65

Patch Changes

#2148 6f11454 Thanks @tim-smart! - Add UniqueViolation as a new SQL error reason. Supported unique constraint violations now classify as UniqueViolation instead of the broader ConstraintError reason.

This covers PostgreSQL, PGlite, MySQL, MSSQL, and the shared SQLite classification used by the SQLite-family clients. UniqueViolation.constraint contains the best available constraint, index, or key identifier and falls back to exactly "unknown" when no reliable identifier is available.

4.0.0-beta.66

Patch Changes

#2163 ca2498e Thanks @tim-smart! - remove Effect.Yieldable
#2161 cd7d1fb Thanks @wking-io! - Fix request ID tracking in the RPC server HTTP protocol finalizer.
#2158 19a7033 Thanks @ColaFanta! - Change Type_<> implementation, from using Exclude<F, O | M> type util to keyof F as xx, this implementation keeps IDE provenance link. This enables clicking “Go to definition (F12)” in VSCode on an object made from Schema Struct jumps to the correct Struct field definition.
#2153 33d26b4 Thanks @Gabrola! - Allow HttpApiTest.groups to accept an optional baseUrl override while preserving the existing default of "http://localhost:3000".
#2160 856766b Thanks @tim-smart! - Remove the auto-incrementing suffix from HTTP server logger log span names.
#2164 079c7df Thanks @tim-smart! - Add the unstable workflow DurableQueue module.

4.0.0-beta.67

Patch Changes

#2185 a42ef66 Thanks @lloydrichards! - add rows to Terminal
#2111 35594f8 Thanks @thiagofelix! - Fix EntityProxyServer.layerHttpApi using path.entityId instead of params.entityId
#2201 8bddd62 Thanks @sjh9714! - Fix MutableList.filter and MutableList.remove length updates.
#2181 4be4c8d Thanks @zeyuri! - Fix workflow proxy RPC handlers to provide the context expected by RpcServer.
#2177 0c9d3ab Thanks @mikearnaldi! - Add forked memo maps so nested layer scopes can reuse parent allocations without leaking sibling-local layers. Update @effect/vitest to fork memo maps for nested it.layer suites, isolating sibling setup while preserving parent sharing.
#2206 b156acc Thanks @tim-smart! - add availableShardGroups to ShardingConfig, to ensure advisory locks do not conflict
#2184 d16c034 Thanks @gcanti! - Restore support for passing schema parse options when creating decode and encode helpers, closes #2174.
#2176 b559d68 Thanks @patroza! - Allow Schema decoding defaults to require Effect services.

The Effect passed to Schema.withDecodingDefault, Schema.withDecodingDefaultKey, Schema.withDecodingDefaultType, and Schema.withDecodingDefaultTypeKey now accepts a context R in its third type parameter. The required services are propagated into the resulting schema’s DecodingServices. SchemaGetter.withDefault is widened in the same way.
#2113 a3de5d9 Thanks @patroza! - Allow Schema constructor and decoding defaults to fail with SchemaError.

The Effect passed to Schema.withConstructorDefault, Schema.withDecodingDefault, Schema.withDecodingDefaultKey, Schema.withDecodingDefaultType, and Schema.withDecodingDefaultTypeKey now accepts SchemaError in its error channel. When a default fails, the parser unwraps the underlying SchemaIssue.Issue and propagates it as a parse failure with the surrounding path attached. This makes it easy to use another schema’s makeEffect / decode* as the default value.
#2172 7e6c12e Thanks @gcanti! - Rename SchemaParser.makeUnsafe to SchemaParser.make.
#2167 098167a Thanks @tim-smart! - update dependencies

4.0.0-beta.68

Patch Changes

#2210 af8267f Thanks @tim-smart! - Add Stream.broadcastN for fixed-size stream broadcasts.
#2180 0176eaf Thanks @IMax153! - update Model uuid helpers
#2180 0176eaf Thanks @IMax153! - Add a platform-agnostic Crypto service for cryptographic random bytes, secure random generators, UUIDv4 / UUIDv7 generation, and digest operations. UUID generation should now use the Crypto service’s randomUUIDv4 or randomUUIDv7, which format bytes from the platform Crypto service; UUIDv7 also uses the Clock service timestamp. Random.nextUUIDv4 has been removed because the base Random service is not cryptographically secure.
#2221 f136bb7 Thanks @gcanti! - Change Schema.asserts and SchemaParser.asserts to assert a value directly with asserts(schema, input) and remove Schema.Codec.ToAsserts.
#2209 6f38f07 Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix Channel.decodeText corrupting UTF-8 characters split across chunk boundaries.
#2207 aec9c40 Thanks @tim-smart! - rename Model.Generated to Model.GeneratedByDb

4.0.0-beta.69

Patch Changes

#2227 70ea04a Thanks @avallete! - Add Flag.withHidden (and Param.withHidden) to hide flags from --help output and shell completions while keeping them fully parseable on the command line.

Useful for experimental, internal, or deprecated flags that should be accepted but not advertised, e.g. --experimental-foo, debug toggles, or escape hatches that are not yet committed to the public CLI surface.
```
import { Flag } from "effect/unstable/cli";

const experimental = Flag.boolean("experimental-foo").pipe(Flag.withHidden);
```
#2240 d0ea8b0 Thanks @tim-smart! - pass workflow parent on discard
#2237 a57674b Thanks @notkadez! - Fix Stream.scoped and Channel.scoped so pull effects run with the scoped resource scope.
#2239 59aa334 Thanks @tim-smart! - fix RpcWorker Protocol service key
#2242 8f4208e Thanks @tim-smart! - Accept .mjs and .mts migration files in SQL migrator loaders.

4.0.0-beta.70

Patch Changes

#2228 af7782d Thanks @avallete! - Add Command.withHidden to hide subcommands from --help output, shell completions, and “did you mean?” suggestions, while keeping them fully invocable by exact name.

Useful for experimental or internal subcommands that should be accepted but not advertised on the public CLI surface.
```
import { Command } from "effect/unstable/cli";

const experimental = Command.make("experimental").pipe(Command.withHidden);

const root = Command.make("mycli").pipe(
  Command.withSubcommands([experimental]),
);
```
#2244 7212d70 Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix TestClock adjustment when its layer is provided to programs run without an ambient Scope.

4.0.0-beta.71

Patch Changes

#2252 d8ac76b Thanks @tim-smart! - Added Schedule.tap, which allows observing full schedule metadata without altering schedule inputs or outputs.
#2261 2c3c00a Thanks @gcanti! - Add JSON Schema custom annotation passthrough option, closes #2260
#2269 3751e7c Thanks @gcanti! - Schema: reintroduce .value on Schema.Array and Schema.NonEmptyArray for consistency with other collection wrappers (Chunk, HashSet, etc.), closes #2268.
#2272 fc5f25b Thanks @gcanti! - Clarify that Data.$is(tag) only checks the _tag field, not the full structure, closes #2271.
#2257 7ccced4 Thanks @bwbuchanan! - Fixed the catch* combinators silently dropping unhandled error types
#2263 a2e1fe5 Thanks @patroza! - Use WeakMap for pendingBatches instead of Map, to allow GC to collect resolvers
#2266 4a4a36b Thanks @gcanti! - Fix schema arbitrary constraints for exclusive BigInt, Date, and integer number bounds.
#2249 d350292 Thanks @tim-smart! - allow encoding Redacted by default, and add option to disallow encoding
#2276 730afb6 Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix AtomRef notifications when a listener re-subscribes itself during notification.
#2250 df1b008 Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix Argument.variadic(argument) so it supports direct calls without options.
#2277 6d469d5 Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix string messages and annotations being double-quoted by simple and logfmt loggers.

4.0.0-beta.72

Patch Changes

#2287 73e67d1 Thanks @tim-smart! - Ensure ClusterWorkflowEngine routes durable clock wakeups and registered workflow deferred completions through the owning workflow’s shard group.
#2286 01d71ec Thanks @tim-smart! - Add default value support to Prompt.file.
#2285 fcd707e Thanks @tim-smart! - Add default value support to CLI integer prompts.

4.0.0-beta.73

Patch Changes

#2291 361ca30 Thanks @tim-smart! - Add HttpApiSecurity.http for passing custom schemes
#2289 b9598c6 Thanks @tim-smart! - make EntityResource lazy by default

4.0.0-beta.74

Patch Changes

#2295 b1fc6a4 Thanks @jgoux! - Fix CLI parsing so command-local flags can override globals without breaking global flags before subcommands.

4.0.0-beta.75

Patch Changes

#2294 81b187c Thanks @mattiamanzati! - Align workflow tags with RPCs by changing Workflow.make to accept the tag as its first argument, exposing workflow tags as _tag, and supporting class MyWorkflow extends Workflow.make(...) {}.
#2312 ad4b535 Thanks @gcanti! - Validate Schema.StructWithRest fixed fields against rest index signatures at the type level so schemas cannot be constructed with incompatible decoded, encoded, or make shapes. This keeps StructWithRest types sound and updates the generated OpenAI conversation-items request schema to keep accepting arbitrary additional fields under the stricter validation.
#2314 a29c2e7 Thanks @gcanti! - Preserve Schema.Redacted options when roundtripping through schema representations. This keeps label validation and disallowJsonEncode behavior intact when schemas are revived from a representation or emitted through code generation.
#2298 1fdd9ae Thanks @gcanti! - Remove the Types.MergeRecord alias. Use Types.MergeLeft instead.
#2298 1fdd9ae Thanks @gcanti! - Align Schema adapter failures: Schema result, promise, and sync adapters now surface SchemaError, while SchemaParser result, promise, and sync adapters expose SchemaIssue.Issue. Mark SchemaParser option adapters as internal because their error details are discarded.
#2313 ffea4ec Thanks @MohanedMashaly! - Add -v alias for version flag
#2306 4255c9b Thanks @sam-goodwin! - Fix HttpApiSecurity bearer/http credential decoding

4.0.0-beta.76

Patch Changes

#2320 016108a Thanks @gcanti! - Add Schema.isGUID and update Schema.isUUID to accept the RFC 9562 max UUID.
#2319 95c03d2 Thanks @fubhy! - Add support for configuring Scalar API reference pages with a custom fetch implementation.
#2318 07299a3 Thanks @gcanti! - Replace the Schema.Error and Schema.Defect schema constants with constructor functions, Schema.Error() and Schema.Defect().

Unify Schema.ErrorWithStack into Schema.Error({ includeStack: true }) and Schema.DefectWithStack into Schema.Defect({ includeStack: true }).

Error causes are encoded by default using the same JSON defect encoding semantics used by Schema.Defect; pass { excludeCause: true } to omit nested cause data.

Equivalent Schema.Error and Schema.Defect options are canonicalized, so repeated constructor calls with the same option values reuse the same schema.

Schema.Defect() now models defects as unknown values with a JSON encoded form. Error-shaped JSON objects with a string message decode to JavaScript Error values, so non-Error objects such as { message: "boom" } do not round-trip unchanged. Other non-Error values are normalized through JSON serialization, with non-JSON values falling back to Effect’s formatted string representation.

4.0.0-beta.77

Patch Changes

#2326 6e9a5ca Thanks @fubhy! - Prefer OTEL resource environment variables over explicit OtlpResource.fromConfig options.
#2325 302f398 Thanks @fubhy! - Add OTEL environment variable configuration for unstable OTLP observability.

4.0.0-beta.78

Patch Changes

#2333 7836b8e Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix Schema.Defect JSON encoding for Error values whose message property is not a string.
#2329 35d49a3 Thanks @alvarosevilla95! - Retry Redis scripts after NOSCRIPT and declare the token bucket refill key
#2334 4093258 Thanks @tim-smart! - clean up otlp config

4.0.0-beta.79

Patch Changes

#2364 b9704dc Thanks @mikearnaldi! - Fix module-level side effects that defeated bundler tree-shaking.

Bare top-level statements cannot be #__PURE__-annotated by the build, so bundlers must retain them and everything they reference, even in bundles that never use the code:
- Option: the standalone Object.defineProperty(SomeProto, "valueOrUndefined", ...) statement anchored the whole Option proto chain into every bundle. It is now folded into the SomeProto initializer.
- Headers: same pattern with Object.defineProperties(Proto, ...), folded into the initializer.
- Logger: module-level process.stdout.isTTY property reads (potential getters, never droppable) moved inside consolePretty.
- Utils: when internalCall was unused, its dropped binding left behind a retained initializer tail (standard/forced probe with computed property reads). The selection is now wrapped in a single pure-annotated call.
A minimal Effect.succeed(123).pipe(Effect.runFork) bundle shrinks by ~1.3% gzipped; bundles that don’t use Option or Headers no longer pay for them.
#2339 a207113 Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix EntityManager defect restarts so in-flight requests are replayed instead of being dropped when the old entity scope is interrupted.
#2362 5e9b9e2 Thanks @fubhy! - Fix Graph traversal and shortest-path algorithms to traverse undirected edges independently of their stored source/target orientation.
#2366 7c128ae Thanks @IMax153! - Fix string seed encoding in Random.withSeed so short, trailing, and astral UTF-8 bytes affect deterministic streams.
#2352 0ada457 Thanks @alvarosevilla95! - Fix the Redis RateLimiterStore token-bucket failing with opaque errors under memory pressure: it now writes its keys with a TTL and guards against a missing refill timestamp.
#2359 d7cc5a2 Thanks @gcanti! - Fix Struct key renaming and Schema.encodeKeys to support symbol keys, and reject duplicate encoded keys.
#2365 aad63be Thanks @gcanti! - Fix Schema encoding so container-level checks are validated against the decoded value instead of the encoded output.

Disallow adding checks directly to Schema.suspend(...); add the checks to the suspended schema instead.

Fix StructWithRest so index signatures do not re-parse or overwrite fixed properties.
#2342 09809f6 Thanks @gcanti! - Use generic ordered constraints for schema arbitrary derivation.

Range checks such as isGreaterThan, isLessThan, and isBetween now populate ctx.constraints.ordered instead of type-specific range fields on number, date, or bigint constraints. Custom toArbitrary annotations that read range constraints should migrate to ctx.constraints.ordered.

This also fixes BigDecimal arbitrary generation by adapting decimal bounds to the generated scale, avoiding invalid fast-check bigint ranges for narrow decimal intervals.
#2368 2fddda5 Thanks @IMax153! - Encode HTTP API client path parameters when building request URLs.
#2348 5f21768 Thanks @gcanti! - Update Schema arbitrary derivation to use the new filter metadata, candidate generation, optional derivation reports, recursion-aware generation, and the renamed OrderedConstraint<T> model.

Migration from the previous v4 API:
- Replace filter annotations from toArbitraryConstraint: constraint to arbitrary: { constraint }. When a filter cannot be described as a constraint, use arbitrary: { candidate } to add a weighted source that is still checked by the filter.
- Replace bucketed constraints with the flat Schema.Annotations.ToArbitrary.Constraint shape:
  - string.minLength, array.minLength, object property counts, collection sizes -> minLength
  - string.maxLength, array.maxLength, object property counts, collection sizes -> maxLength
  - string.patterns -> patterns
  - number.isInteger -> integer
  - number.noNaN -> noNaN
  - number.noDefaultInfinity -> noInfinity
  - date.noInvalidDate -> valid
  - array.comparator for uniqueness -> unique using Effect equality
  - ordered.min / minExcluded / max / maxExcluded -> ordered.minimum / exclusiveMinimum / maximum / exclusiveMaximum
- In arbitrary hooks, read context.constraint instead of context.constraints. Replace context.isSuspend with context.recursion; when combining finite and recursive branches, pass context.recursion to fc.oneof with the finite branch first.
- Generic declaration hooks now receive type parameters as { arbitrary, terminal }. Atomic declarations may still return a bare FastCheck.Arbitrary<T>, but generic declarations should return { arbitrary, terminal } when they can preserve a finite terminal branch.
- Schema.toArbitrary(schema, { report: true }) now returns { value, report }; without { report: true }, it keeps returning the arbitrary directly. Schema.toArbitraryLazy always returns a lazy arbitrary.
#2343 f27003e Thanks @MohanedMashaly! - Add meta-var that shows log level and bash options in command line.

4.0.0-beta.80

Patch Changes

#2205 d944330 Thanks @lloydrichards! - add support for merging external events into Prompt.custom render loops via an optional events dequeue and receive handler.

The prompt races user input against events from the dequeue, allowing background events to trigger re-renders without waiting for a keypress:

const eventQueue = yield * Queue.make<number>();

const prompt = Prompt.custom(
  { count: 0 },
  Queue.asDequeue(eventQueue), // <-- provide the event queue as a dequeue to the prompt
  {
    render: (state) => Effect.succeed(`Count: ${state.count}`),
    process: (input, state) =>
      Effect.succeed(
        Match.value(input).pipe(
          // handle user input
          Match.tag("Input", () => Action.Submit({ value: state.count })),
          // handle external events from the queue
          Match.tag("Event", (input) =>
            Action.NextFrame({ state: { count: state.count + input.value } }),
          ),
          Match.exhaustive,
        ),
      ),
    clear: () => Effect.succeed(""),
  },
);

#2369 f48659f Thanks @gcanti! - Round fractional durations symmetrically when normalizing to nanoseconds.
#2373 7652aaa Thanks @StarpTech! - Stream.fromReadableStream: swallow the reader.cancel() rejection in the finalizer. Cancelling the reader of an already-errored ReadableStream rejects with the stored error, which turned the typed onError failure into a defect.
#2371 98630b7 Thanks @gcanti! - Emit Schema.ObjectKeyword as an object-or-array JSON Schema union.
#2376 90ae23c Thanks @fubhy! - Add Graph.successors and Graph.predecessors, deprecate Graph.neighborsDirected, and fix graph algorithm edge cases around reversal, undirected edge queries, shortest-path weight validation, topological sort initials, and strongly connected components.

4.0.0-beta.81

Patch Changes

#2387 93cb4f8 Thanks @gcanti! - Config.withDefault now only recovers from missing data for literal/union schemas. Invalid present values now propagate validation errors instead of using the default, closes #2384.
#2388 60341d9 Thanks @gcanti! - Config.withDefault no longer recovers from schema filter failures. A filter failure means a present value reached refinement checks, so using the default could hide invalid configuration values.
#2389 1105ab5 Thanks @gcanti! - Fix Schema.toTaggedUnion(...).isAnyOf narrowing for custom discriminant keys, closes #2386.

Previously, the type predicate always extracted union members by _tag, even when toTaggedUnion was created with a different discriminant key. Runtime behavior already used the supplied key, so this aligns the type-level narrowing with the existing runtime behavior.
#2270 4500fbf Thanks @IMax153! - Add HTTP API streaming response support

4.0.0-beta.82

Patch Changes

#2391 193690b Thanks @IMax153! - Fix HttpApiEndpoint endpoint error inference when success schemas include streams.

4.0.0-beta.83

Patch Changes

#2394 1f2e8ce Thanks @IMax153! - Fix published HttpApi declaration files by exporting schema metadata types referenced by public declarations.

4.0.0-beta.84

Patch Changes

#2420 87f52ba Thanks @tim-smart! - Add Effect.transposeOption for converting an Option<Effect<A, E, R>> into an Effect<Option<A>, E, R>.
#2374 b8ee07f Thanks @gcanti! - Import unconstrained JSON Schema nodes as Schema.Json instead of Schema.Unknown.
#2407 867c0d7 Thanks @gcanti! - Normalize error behavior for Schema and SchemaParser boundary APIs.

SchemaError now extends Data.TaggedError, so it is also a native Error. SchemaParser Promise APIs now reject an Error whose cause is the SchemaIssue.Issue for schema failures.

Schema and SchemaParser Effect and Exit adapters now preserve full causes while mapping schema issue failures to their public error type. The is, asserts, Promise, Sync, Result, Option, make, and makeOption adapters now distinguish schema issues from non-schema causes. Schema-only failures are converted to the adapter’s normal representation (false, rejected or thrown schema error, Result.fail, or None), while non-schema causes throw or reject with an Error whose cause is the underlying Cause.
#2409 b93bc6c Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix Stream.runForEachWhile so it continues across chunk boundaries while the predicate returns true and stops when the predicate returns false.
#2424 57d387f Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix cluster workflow activity defect hydration
#2403 bacca41 Thanks @lloydrichards! - align ProcessInput.Input runtime field name with type definition on Prompt.custom
#2423 0f8ac79 Thanks @tim-smart! - RpcGroup.toHandlers is definition first
#2383 25b4482 Thanks @gcanti! - Fix config path composition and directory-backed lookup behavior.

ConfigProvider.orElse now keeps each side’s own nested and mapInput behavior. Applying nested or mapInput to a combined provider now applies the same transformation to both sides.

ConfigProvider path transformations now compose as a single path function. This makes nested and mapInput behave consistently with normal function composition.

Config.nested now tracks the logical config path in Config itself instead of wrapping the provider. This keeps lookup paths and schema error paths aligned. The low-level Config.make constructor is no longer exported; use config constructors and combinators, or implement custom lookup behavior with ConfigProvider.make.

ConfigProvider.fromDir now returns undefined when neither a file nor a directory exists at the requested path, so orElse can fall back instead of failing with SourceError.
#2415 9cf3a25 Thanks @gcanti! - Fix Effect.try thunk usage and Effect.tryPromise mapper and signal handling defects.

Effect.try now supports passing a thunk directly, matching Effect.tryPromise. Thrown values from direct-thunk usage are mapped to Cause.UnknownError.

When a promise handled by Effect.tryPromise rejected and the custom catch mapper threw while mapping that rejection, the effect could remain pending and produce an unhandled rejection. The mapper is now guarded consistently with the synchronous throw path, so a thrown mapper error becomes an Effect defect. The JSDoc for Effect.try and Effect.tryPromise was also corrected.

Effect.tryPromise now also only creates an AbortController when the wrapped thunk declares an AbortSignal parameter.
#2417 8def767 Thanks @tim-smart! - deduplicate SqlResolver.findById requests

4.0.0-beta.85

Patch Changes

#2436 328d97c Thanks @MohanedMashaly! - change default operation in redis from LPUSH TO RPUSH
#2431 8441836 Thanks @gcanti! - Derive template literal arbitraries from encoded parts, closes #2414.
#2439 074e436 Thanks @gcanti! - Allow schema class .extend to accept a Struct and preserve checks from the extension schema, closes #2419.
#2444 c1dfd60 Thanks @bweis! - Avoid throwing when Error.stackTraceLimit is non-writable (frozen intrinsics / SES / deterministic sandboxes such as Temporal).

Effect manipulates Error.stackTraceLimit in several internal spots to capture short or empty stack traces cheaply. In hardened environments where Error is frozen and stackTraceLimit is read-only, assigning to it throws, which broke Effect entirely. Stack-trace-limit manipulation is now best-effort and silently no-ops when the property cannot be modified, mirroring Node’s own internal guard. Behavior in normal (writable) environments is unchanged.
#2425 2ba316b Thanks @tim-smart! - Add Random.choice for selecting a random element from an iterable.
#2434 7ce7344 Thanks @gcanti! - Use semantic matching for TemplateLiteral parsing and index signature keys

Replace regex-based TemplateLiteral parsing with backtracking segmentation over template literal parts, applying part checks during matching.

Use schema membership when selecting Record index signature keys, including checked string, number, symbol, and TemplateLiteral parameters. Tighten valid index signature parameters on both type and encoded sides, and preserve key parameter semantics in codec transformations.

4.0.0-beta.86

Patch Changes

#2462 0b5795a Thanks @tim-smart! - Add Statement.valuesUnprepared for returning unprepared SQL statement rows as arrays.
#2455 3e3a859 Thanks @fubhy! - Fix Cron.next skipping earlier matching days when the upcoming day-of-month does not exist in the current month.
#2454 7dbec24 Thanks @StarpTech! - Exclude response metadata from HTTP server span failures after response headers have been sent.
#2449 d8c00a1 Thanks @gcanti! - Fix Schema handling of encoded-side checks for container ASTs.

Checks added after flip are now preserved as encodingChecks across Declaration, Arrays, Objects, and Union, even when rebuilding the AST does not change child nodes. toType now projects those checks consistently, and parsing applies encoded-side checks to the local encoded value when an encoding chain is present without allowing encoded-side parseOptions annotations to affect the current parser side.
#2446 85b6317 Thanks @IMax153! - Allow schemas provided to CLI flags / arguments to utilize the environment required by the CLI
#2452 6d0fda0 Thanks @gcanti! - Remove the keepDeclarations option from Schema.toCodecStringTree.
#2461 108a933 Thanks @tim-smart! - Fail RpcClient HTTP requests with a defect when the response stream closes before the request receives a terminal response.
#2442 7e1f455 Thanks @gcanti! - Improve Schema type-level performance by lazily computing schema views, specializing common struct projections, and using lighter schema constraints at API boundaries that do not need the full schema protocol.

This also adds the Schema type-performance benchmark suite, introduces Schema.toCodecArrayFromSingle, preserves canonical StringTree array codecs, renames the arbitrary-generation annotation constraint for clarity, and updates affected codec, parser, channel, SQL, HTTP API, persistence, RPC, AI, OpenAPI, and workflow typings to match the refined Schema surface.
#2464 46b3e79 Thanks @tim-smart! - do not use performance.timeOrigin and calculate origins lazily

4.0.0-beta.87

Patch Changes

#2468 5a0c1a4 Thanks @gcanti! - Expose the original input schema on Schema.toType, Schema.toEncoded, Schema.toCodecJson, and Schema.toCodecStringTree results via the schema property. This aligns these schema wrappers with other wrappers that retain their source schema for type-level and runtime introspection.
#2466 1eea2ea Thanks @gcanti! - Use URL.canParse to validate URL string schema decoding before constructing a URL. This avoids relying on thrown exceptions for routine validation while preserving the same invalid URL issue and successful decode output.

4.0.0-beta.88

Patch Changes

#2472 911f1b8 Thanks @tim-smart! - Add adaptive consume and feedback operations to the unstable persistent RateLimiterStore API, including in-memory and Redis-backed bounded cooldown, learning, learned pacing, and expiry behavior for 429 Retry-After feedback.
#2457 8beeeea Thanks @P0lip! - Localize missing rpc method errors to the provided request id
#2428 c306fcf Thanks @MrGovindan! - Add isOpen to Latch to allow querying the latch’s open state

4.0.0-beta.89

Patch Changes

#2475 b7d46ab Thanks @tim-smart! - Update Schema.Void to model ignored void return values.

Runtime parsing now accepts any present value and discards it as undefined. This matches TypeScript void return values, where callers do not observe the returned value. Use Schema.Undefined when the input must be exactly undefined.
#2479 7777e15 Thanks @tim-smart! - Add custom error callbacks to Effect.fromOption.
#2480 5376197 Thanks @tim-smart! - render causes in OtlpTracer exception events

4.0.0-beta.90

Patch Changes

#2483 d237fdf Thanks @tim-smart! - Fix Config.schema so missing array values are treated as missing data, allowing Config.withDefault to apply.

4.0.0-beta.91 Latest

Patch Changes

#2498 b135b25 Thanks @gcanti! - Fix Schedule.andThenResult to emit self outputs as Failure and other outputs as Success, closes #2497.
#2488 aaa21a3 Thanks @fubhy! - Fix String.camelCase and String.pascalCase handling of numeric word segments, and add String.configCase for configuration key casing.
#2485 3475ee6 Thanks @tim-smart! - fix RequestResolver interruption